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管柱脱落的故障现象是：运行电流很低，基本上是电机的空载电流，除了有一股一股的气外，井口基本上无产液，正发循环时油套连通。The failure phenomenon of the string is: the running current is very low, basically the motor's no load current. Besides the gas with a single strand of gas, the wellhead basically has no liquid production, and the oil sleeve is connected when circulating.减少管柱脱落的措施有：将油管上扣扭矩由原来的值提高到值；采用油管螺纹垫片；定子上的装卸短节采用防松螺纹连接；采用油管锚或张力封隔器固定螺杆泵。The measures to reduce the falling off of the pipe string are as follows: increase the torque from the original value to the maximum value; use the oil pipe screw gasket; the loading and unloading joint on the stator is connected by loosening screw thread; and use the oil pipe anchor or tension packer to fix the screw pump.


杆柱脱落Rod shedding杆柱脱落也是螺杆泵常发生的一种故障现象，表现为运行电流很低，井口也无产液，正反循环油套不连通，通过对扣或下入抽油杆打捞工具就可以进行处理来恢复生产。抽油杆脱落也有两种情况，一是脱扣，一是掳扣。造成脱扣的原因是停机后抽油杆柱扭转变形余能释放引起杆柱反转，可以采取在地面和抽油杆柱上安装防倒装置进行防止。造成杆柱掳扣的原因有三个：一个是稠油井在长时间关井后再启泵时，启动扭矩特别大，把螺纹损坏了；一个是油特别稠，螺杆泵长期在高扭矩下工作而把螺纹损坏；再有一个原因是定子部分脱胶，转子转不动造成的。


F、抽油杆F, sucker rod所使用的抽油杆是常用的普通抽油杆、空心抽油杆和连续抽油杆，可根据油井确定。The sucker rod used is commonly used as a common 1sucker rod, hollow sucker rod and continuous sucker rod, which can be determined according to the oil well.G、定子扶正器G, stator centralizer定子扶正器为有一定弹性的笼形装罩，每一对由两半构成，中间大、两端小。作用是使定子居中和减小定子的摆动。The stator centralizer is a cage shaped cover with a certain elasticity. Each pair is made up of two halves, large in the middle and small at both ends. The function is to make the stator middle and reduce the stator wobble.H、锚定装置H, anchoring device对于没有封隔器的井和泵挂深度浅的井，用于固定定子、消除摆动和防止定子脱扣。采用普通的锚定装置即可。For wells without packers and shallow wells with deep pumps, it is used to fix the stator, eliminate the swinging and prevent the tripping of the stator. A common anchoring device can be used.

单螺杆泵的使用方法:

    单螺杆泵在发达国家已广泛使用，德国称“偏心转子泵”。由于其单螺杆泵在发达国家已广泛使用，德国称“偏心转子泵”。由于其优良的性能，在国内的应用范围也在迅速扩大。它的特点是对介质的适应性强、流量平稳、压力脉动小、自吸能力高，这是其它任何泵种所不能替代的。

单螺杆泵使用方法,螺杆泵使用注意事项：

    1、启动螺杆泵前还得必须先确定螺杆泵的运转方向，单螺杆泵不能反转。

    2、螺杆泵严禁在泵腔无液体的情况下空运转，必须在启动前由泵进口把液体注入泵体后再启动螺杆泵，以免空转磨损螺杆泵定子。